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Math - Understanding MultiplicationMultiplication is a simple way of adding groups together. For instance, if you had 3 groups of people who each had 3 balls and needed to know how many balls there were altogether, you could multiply the groups of people and balls to find the total of balls. Memorizing the basic table is the first step to help you in learning multiplication. Feel free to make a copy of the one below to help you.
Once you have the basic table memorized, you can move on to multiplying with 2 or more digits. To work with more than one digit, you have to align the numbers in the right way. Just as in addition and subtraction, you line the numbers with the ones, tens, hundreds and so forth with like numbers. Start by multiplying the top right number with the bottom right number. If the top number has two digits and the bottom has one digit, then you must multiply the next number on the top and to the left of the first right number with the number on the bottom. If the first right numbers have more than one digit, you must leave behind the right digit and add them to the number you multiply next. For example, to find out what 14 x 3 would be, align these figures like so:
You will notice, you are first multiplying the 4 and the 3 which equal 12. You leave the 2 behind and carry over the 1. Next you multiply 1 with 3 which equals 3. Since you carried the 1 over from the last part of the problem, you need to add 1 to 3 and come up with 4. So the answer to 14 x3 = 42 When using more than one digit on the bottom row, you need to align your different totals under the row of the digit you are multiplying as you proceed like above. For instance, if you want to know the answer to 14 x 13, you will first need to align the digits like so:
As in the first example, we know that 14 x 3 = 42. In this problem, the first part of the solution would start directly under the 3. So you are still multiplying the 4 to the 3, carrying the 1 and multiplying the 1 to the 3 and adding the 1 to make 4.
Next, you need to solve the next column by multiplying the top numbers from right to left to the next left bottom number. In this case it is the bottom, left 1. So 4 times 1 equals 4 and that number would go right underneath the bottom 1 since that is where you are starting this group. Next multiply 1 times 1 which is 1. This would go right next to the 4 underneath. The problem then looks like this:
Note the position of the totals underneath the problem. To come up with a solution, you need to add these figures in the grey area - 42 + 140.
As you can see, the total of 14 x 13 = 182 For helpful material to give you more practice, consult these sources:
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